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Choice & Interfaces

How interfaces make starting, staying or stopping easier.

Connected topics

Related

Digital Business Models

Recurring revenue gives a reason to examine retention; a difficult interface alone does not establish a provider’s intent.

Application

Attention & Habits

A visible pause can make a choice easier to notice. This does not establish a universal reduction in use.

Sources & further reading

  1. Einav, Klopack & Mahoney — Selling Subscriptions, American Economic Review (2025)

    Published AER version, 115(5), 1650–1671; introduction, sample selection and conclusions checked October 27, 2026. Ten selected large US services; inattention and switching costs are not separately identified. Card replacement is not cancellation advice.

  2. Apple Support — Cancel a subscription from Apple

    Official guidance for identifying the account and billing provider, checked October 18, 2026.

  3. Google Play Help — Cancel, pause, or change a subscription

    Official billing, uninstalling, account and access guidance, checked October 18, 2026.

  4. Apple Developer — Offering account deletion in your app

    Explains the distinction between deleting a service account and canceling an Apple-billed subscription.

  5. Oulasvirta et al. (2012) — Habits Make Smartphone Use More Pervasive

    University bibliographic record and abstract for research on brief repetitive checking. Older devices and services limit direct extrapolation to current feeds.

  6. Baughan et al. (2022) — How Design Influences Dissociation on Social Media

    Author-hosted CHI paper. Small Twitter-based field study and interviews; self-reported inattention is not a clinical diagnosis.

  7. Tam & Inzlicht (2024) — Fast-Forward to Boredom

    Experimental video and reading tasks; results varied across samples and conditions. Not a test of permanent attention damage.

  8. Grüning, Riedel & Lorenz-Spreen (2023) — Directing Smartphone Use Through One Sec

    Publisher full text checked October 27, 2026. Distinguishes a six-week app-use field study from a controlled online video experiment. One coauthor created one sec; starting an activity is different from stopping an ongoing scroll.

  9. Ruiz, Molina León & Heuer (2024) — Design Frictions on Social Media

    Author-posted conference paper. Required reactions, recognition, frustration and task interaction time must be distinguished; this is not a measurement of long-term everyday browsing time.